Bank run
Depositors demanding their money back at once, which a bank cannot satisfy because the funds are lent out long.
How to read the number
A bank borrows short and lends long by construction, so a perfectly solvent bank can be destroyed by the speed of withdrawals alone.
When the metric lies
A modern run has no queues: a transfer from an app takes seconds, and money leaves faster than the bank can sell assets to meet it.
Also known as: run on the bank