Methodology

Data sources

• MOEX ISS — quotes, daily candles, instrument reference data and trading parameters of the Moscow Exchange.
• GIR BO (Federal Tax Service) — statutory financial statements of Russian legal entities under RAS, from the state register.
• Issuer disclosure — material facts, dividend decisions and corporate events from the official disclosure venues.
• Bank of Russia — the key rate, currency rates and macro benchmarks.
• Public statement aggregators — a secondary source for reconciling historical series; a supplement, never a replacement for the primary source.

The visitor's country is resolved from the IP address on the server using the DB-IP Lite Country database — solely to suggest the relevant market. The address itself is not stored and is not passed to analytics. Data provided by DB-IP under the CC BY 4.0 licence.

Facts and derived values

We separate data taken directly from the primary source (price, volume, a statement line, a dividend amount) from values we compute ourselves (yields, multiples, growth rates, scores). Derived figures are computed by transparent formulas from stored factual data — we never present our own estimates as official values.

RAS and IFRS

Russian companies publish statements under RAS (standalone, Russian standards) and, for many issuers, under IFRS (consolidated, international standards). These are different perimeters, so we always state the standard and the period (year / quarter / LTM) and never mix figures across standards when comparing.

How current the data is

Public pages read stored data from our database and never call an external source while answering — refreshes happen in the background. That is why every figure carries the time it was fetched and the moment it is current as of, plus a link to the primary source where applicable. Where the data is not sufficient for a correct figure, we prefer to show nothing rather than substitute an approximation.

Limits

Data may carry delays, gaps and errors from the primary sources. We aim for accuracy but do not guarantee it; the correction procedure is set out in the Editorial policy. These materials are not personal investment advice — see the Disclaimer.